V Kumar and Sons Borivali West, Mumbai, Maharashtra

we are the proficient manufacturer and exporter of best quality silamol, which is a soluble form of silicic acid. Silamol provide prevention against various stresses that the plant faces during its growth and silamol is most beneficial under conditions of biotic and a biotic stress caused by climatic conditions. Silamol plays an important role in the plant life and crop performance. applicable on crops such as : grapetomatofruitsvegetable benefits : resistive to fungal and nematode attackresistive to insect attackresistive to salinity stressresistive to water stressimprovement of root and capillary system dose rate of application : 100 ml /ac- 4oo ml/ac different forms : salt form : the solubility in this form is very limited. The silicon salt is not or hardly assimilated by plant.amorphous form : this form, where solubility is poor. It is in this form silica is accumulated in the plant but utilized.soluable form : it is under this form that silicon is assimilated by the plant and utilized. important for agriculture as : 100% bio available for plant1000 time more active than silica fertilizersapplicable by leaves or root systemextensively testedcompatible with other fertilizers or other agro chemicals features can be applied as foliar spray, root system or soil application is absorbed in very short timeimproves the natural resistance to biotic stressimproves and optimizes the mineral transportcan be mixed with regular fertilizers and other agrochemicalextensively been tested in international field trials

we are the proficient manufacturer and exporter of best quality silamol, which is a soluble form of silicic acid. Silamol provide prevention against various stresses that the plant faces during its growth and silamol is most beneficial under conditions of biotic and a biotic stress caused by climatic conditions. Silamol plays an important role in the plant life and crop performance. applicable on crops such as : grapetomatofruitsvegetable benefits : resistive to fungal and nematode attackresistive to insect attackresistive to salinity stressresistive to water stressimprovement of root and capillary system dose rate of application : 100 ml /ac- 4oo ml/ac different forms : salt form : the solubility in this form is very limited. The silicon salt is not or hardly assimilated by plant.amorphous form : this form, where solubility is poor. It is in this form silica is accumulated in the plant but utilized.soluable form : it is under this form that silicon is assimilated by the plant and utilized. important for agriculture as : 100% bio available for plant1000 time more active than silica fertilizersapplicable by leaves or root systemextensively testedcompatible with other fertilizers or other agro chemicals features can be applied as foliar spray, root system or soil application is absorbed in very short timeimproves the natural resistance to biotic stressimproves and optimizes the mineral transportcan be mixed with regular fertilizers and other agrochemicalextensively been tested in international field trials

we are the proficient manufacturer and exporter of best quality silamol, which is a soluble form of silicic acid. Silamol provide prevention against various stresses that the plant faces during its growth and silamol is most beneficial under conditions of biotic and a biotic stress caused by climatic conditions. Silamol plays an important role in the plant life and crop performance. applicable on crops such as : grapetomatofruitsvegetable benefits : resistive to fungal and nematode attackresistive to insect attackresistive to salinity stressresistive to water stressimprovement of root and capillary system dose rate of application : 100 ml /ac- 4oo ml/ac different forms : salt form : the solubility in this form is very limited. The silicon salt is not or hardly assimilated by plant.amorphous form : this form, where solubility is poor. It is in this form silica is accumulated in the plant but utilized.soluable form : it is under this form that silicon is assimilated by the plant and utilized. important for agriculture as : 100% bio available for plant1000 time more active than silica fertilizersapplicable by leaves or root systemextensively testedcompatible with other fertilizers or other agro chemicals features can be applied as foliar spray, root system or soil application is absorbed in very short timeimproves the natural resistance to biotic stressimproves and optimizes the mineral transportcan be mixed with regular fertilizers and other agrochemicalextensively been tested in international field trials

we are the proficient manufacturer and exporter of best quality silamol, which is a soluble form of silicic acid. Silamol provide prevention against various stresses that the plant faces during its growth and silamol is most beneficial under conditions of biotic and a biotic stress caused by climatic conditions. Silamol plays an important role in the plant life and crop performance. applicable on crops such as : grapetomatofruitsvegetable benefits : resistive to fungal and nematode attackresistive to insect attackresistive to salinity stressresistive to water stressimprovement of root and capillary system dose rate of application : 100 ml /ac- 4oo ml/ac different forms : salt form : the solubility in this form is very limited. The silicon salt is not or hardly assimilated by plant.amorphous form : this form, where solubility is poor. It is in this form silica is accumulated in the plant but utilized.soluable form : it is under this form that silicon is assimilated by the plant and utilized. important for agriculture as : 100% bio available for plant1000 time more active than silica fertilizersapplicable by leaves or root systemextensively testedcompatible with other fertilizers or other agro chemicals features can be applied as foliar spray, root system or soil application is absorbed in very short timeimproves the natural resistance to biotic stressimproves and optimizes the mineral transportcan be mixed with regular fertilizers and other agrochemicalextensively been tested in international field trials

we are reputed as one of the supreme seaweed extracts manufacturers & exporters from india. The seaweed extracts, offered by us, have earned us loads of appreciation in the market due to the unmatched quality and unsurpassable performance. generally speaking certain products containing seaweed, when used on plant, significantly increase their growth and quality. During the 12th century, people living on britain and portugal’s cost already used seaweed as soil amendment to improve and maintain their soil fertility. Asians had noticed all their beneficial qualities many years before. Research shows that seaweed truly improves yield and quality in crop; low dosage, in foliar spray or in soil gives unbelievable results. Concentrated products, powder or liquid form appeared in the market and their popularity keeps on growing very fast. today, product mixed with seaweed now is offered in most of the agriculture centers. Industries making seaweed formulations are building volumes, which proves that it is a great investment. Many tree growers, horticulturist, customers can notice the benefits of using seaweed, even few days after using product. interesting facts : research shows that, by using seaweed at recommended dose and stages, there is an increase in growth, resistance and quality of crop. trace elements and phytohormons : seaweed analysis shows that they contain 50-60 different trace elements in varied doses. You can also find close to 20 amino acids, enzyme, antibiotics, and vegetable growth hormones. Only one application of seaweed extract provides immediate results, due to the natural assimilable chelated nutrients. Growth activators like cytokinins, auxine and gibberellins contained seaweed are pointed out to explain such great results. An additional provision of phytohormonens naturally present in plants explains the fabulous results. Cell division and membrane formation are currently created by cytokinins, auxins, and gibberellins favor cell elongation.growth hormones contained in fresh seaweed are not available in all commercial products. Auxine, unlike cytokine are more stable, they have no résistance. Gibberellins degrade after few months. commercial products : today seaweed is available in concentrated liquid extract and in soluble powder extract. Because it is so easy to use, seaweed concentrate liquid extract is most popular amongst consumers. When used in foliar spray, concentrate liquid extract and soluble powder extract give faster and better results than when applied directly on the soil. The leaves immediately absorb the seaweed and it transmits all the nutrients and active substances to every cell through the sap. usefulness of seaweed extract : seaweed products are complete fertilizers. As a fertilizer, its advantages, the quantity used, timing and frequency of application vary depending on soil quality, previous fertilizer use and crop. You have to estimate their value based on the trace elements and phytohormons they contain. Their best results are obtained in conventional fertilization where only the most important nutrients are effective and also in hydroponic fertilization. Trace elements and cytokinines provided by seaweed are beneficial. It is not necessary to add more trace elements when you use seaweed with compost or manure in the soil or as topsoil. Lack of trace elements is very rare in agro biology, but any natural accelerator is welcomed. Cytokinins are then seaweed’s greatest advantage. Comparison test with seaweed would be of most interesting for agro biology. using the product : generally speaking, seaweed is used all yearlong for soaking seeds, transplantation, and cuttings, layering, before blossom and during stressful periods. Seaweed should be used regularly every two weeks. Flower growers, hydroponic culture, apply this frequency. Biological farmers foliar spray their fields every 4 weeks. why seaweed ? long known and used by farmers for its rich value, seaweed feeds plants with range of nutrients, growth bio-stimulants and conditioners. Commonly harvested along the norwegian coastline – the most perfect seaweed growing environment-this is an organic, non-pollutant renewable resources. it stimulates natural development : by increasing the levels of your plants chlorophyll production, seaweed stimulates their natural development and growth. In effect seaweed functions as a catalyst to let your plants use the sun’s energy more effectively, thereby promoting photosynthesis leading to stranger, healthier growth. seaweed also feeds the soil : soil is the key: feeding the plant without simultaneous concern for the soil is like building a house on sand. Many synthetic fertilizers, while offering impressive results in the short term, do so by neglecting the long-term health of the soil. Seaweed greatly improves this obvious (but generally overlooked) part of your plants ecosystems. It creates an extended root system giving your plants greater access to nutrients and water in the soil and thus to long-term health. natural resistance : seaweed stimulates beneficial soil microbe activity, which leads to improving your plants natural resistance to stresses. It creates a biological barrier between your plants and pathogens. how seaweed works ? seaweed contains a large complex of chelated minor elements; to help lessen or nullify minor deficiency in plants it also contains important biogrowth stimulants, which have a tremendous effect on seed germination, root development and general growth. Seaweeds organic sugars make available to the plants, etc. Are all the wonderful properties of seaweed. as a fertilizer supplement : most artificial fertilizers are powerful boosters introducing large amounts of n-p-k (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium) but n-p-k contents are not a yardstick for their effectiveness. Too much rain for instance can wash most of it out of the soil while too little may lead to high concentrations and scorching of the delicate seedlings. imported seaweed extract powder : cwidlelp growing near nova scotia, growing in clean cold water is best known source of sea weeds. This provide material with highest concentration of required material analysis such as gibberellins, cytokinins, auxins and these ingredients with compressive range of trace elements and amino acids found in this kelp( sea weed)this is best natural source of above ingredients. Now it is available as 100%water soluble powder which can be used in your formulation as organic fertilizer or natural source of organic auxine, gibberellins, cytokine, amino acid & micro nutrients. We have signed an agreement with one of reputed company of america to provide us with technology and material of known purity .they has assured us about consistency of analysis and supply benefits of application of seaweed : satisfy the needs of plant requiring nutrient to boost growth mainly at time of stresssprayed at times, it can be used as a remarkable rescue remedyincreases flowering, fruiting and quality of all produceincreases sugar level (brix levels). Research has indicated a link between high sugar % (brix) and pest resistance (disease and insect) early application as seed treatment or as seedling stage it provide starter boost, which is beneficial to overcome competition with other weeds and contribute to yield. This effect can be seen in all crops but in potato, ginger, turmeric, sugar cane and other tuber crops a pronounce effect is recorded. At time of transplanting when plant need external support to stand in initial stage use of sea weed extract was found excellent. due to high conc. Of auxins, gibberellins and cytokinin application of sea weed extract was able to improve flowering & fruiting, when used at time of flowering and its application during fruiting period helps in improving size and quality of produce. formulations : a water soluble powder will be provided by us, which you can mix with water at desired conc. Along with emulsifier. You can incorporate amino acid humic acid to enhance effect and look to your product. It should be noted that being food material of plant and so it is best food for bacteria also. Hence incorporation of proper preservative and antioxidants are needed. We will guide and supply you needed ingredients to set your formulation. the product can be made out of seaweed extract derived from (ascophyllum nodusum) containing growth factors. When it is mixed with amino acid and or humic acid it makes unique formulation product. suggested formulations & combinations : sea weed extract : 8-12%humic acid : 6-12%amino acid : 6-12% cwidkelp : derived from the clean, cold water of nova scotia, this is the highest analysis kelp product in market. It is available in a 100% soluble powder. This seaweed fertilizer (ceidkelp) is the best natural source of auxin, cytokinin and gibberellins and these ingredients. In conjunction with comprehensive range of trace elements and amino acids found in kelp can provide many benefits. benefits : cwidkelp can satisfy “hidden hungers” in plant requiring nutrient boosts at time of stresssprayed at right time, it can be used a remarkable rescue remedyit can also increase flowering and fruit production and qualitycwidkelp can contribute to exceptional brix level increasecomprehensive research has identified a link between high brix levels and pest and disease resistant application (dose rate) : seed treatment : 700 gms cwidkelp powder per ton seed (0.75-1.00 gms per kg seed.)foliar application : 100 gm-150 gms powder per acre. Mix 1gm powder in 10 lt. Water and spray. Hence make formulation (10-12%) by mixing 100-120 gms of sea weed extract in lt. Water.

We are reputed as one of the staggering Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) Manufacturers & Exporters from India. We take utmost care to formulate this combination in totally sterile buffer solution to provide maximum storage life 4-5 years. High quality preservative and Anti oxidants are used to avoid fermentation and oxidation. Moreover, best of emulsifier is used to give uniform miscibility. Different Plant Growth Regulators have different role to play in crops. Many of them computable to each other even some are having synergistic effect. They enhance the effect. We have successfully developed a best combination and tested last two years in different crops and found very effective and cost benefit ratio is very high. Dosage : General Dose : You should recommend is 0.5 ml. PGR Combi per Liter water or 50 ml in 100lt or 100 ml in 200lt per ac. Dose.Seed Treatment Dose : Mix 5 ml in 10 lt water and soak seeds for 10-15 minutes. Hence 5 ml Vial or Ampoule can be introduced. Time of application : Best time is 1st spray just before 1 st flower, two more spray at 15-20 days interval after 1st spray. Packing : 50 ml100 ml500ml1 lt Benefits : Cell division is mainly achieved due to cytokineFlower initiation by Auxine and ATCA provide bud differentiationIncrease in fruit size and weight improvement. Quality of fruit improvesIncrease in biological activityCytokine and Auxine Stimulate Seed GerminationBetter absorption of soil nutrients by plantsIncreased development of ridiculers systemsReduction of transplantation shock and better growth (anti-stress)Stimulate chlorophyll formationIncrease blooming duration and fruit quantity and qualitySlow down the aging processBetter resistance to high temperature conditions and parasitesLonger shelf life Suggested Crops : CottonChiliesGrapesPomegranateFlower CropsJasmineRosesVegetables(Tomato, Peas, Capsicum, Cabbage, Cauliflower, etc.) CucurbitsSoybeanGroundnutGramPaddyWheat

we are renowned as one of the stupendous phosphorus acid manufacturers & exporters from india. Customers from all round the globe are placing repeated orders for the phosphorus acid as no alternative is available when it comes to quality and performance. benefits : control of oomycetes on turfgrass, riverdale magellan (a mixture of phosphorous acid compounds) and chipco signature (aluminum tris [o-ethyl phosphonate]) were found to be equally effective against pythium blight development on perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne; datnoff et al., 2003). Similarly, different commercial formulations of phosphorous acid suppressed pythium blight on rough bluegrass (poa trivialis) during the 2001-2002 season (datnoff et al., 2005). applications : synthesis of phosphite salts plastic stabilizers pesticides water-treatment chemicals phosphite fertilizers for fruits like citrus and orange, vegetables, economic crops etc. cosmetics additives there are three different formulations of this product : potassium salt of phosphonic acid (40%).: (eg.akomin;masimin) phosphonic acid (50%).(eg: phytoalexine;multilexine.) copper salt of phosphonic acid (eg. Blue magic)

Country of Origin : India

we are listed at the apex in the list of the preeminent humic acid manufacturers & exporters from india. The humic acid, liquid formulations 12%, is most popular as it is used for soil application, incorporated in drip irrigation or foliar application. Our humic acid helps to a great degree modifying such physical and mechanical properties of the soil as structure, color, consistency and water holding capacity. attributes : contains billions of micro-organismscomplex organic moleculesincreases permeability of plant membranes application : they can be applied directly to the plant foliage in liquid form or to the soil in the form of granules alone or in the fertilizer mix. solubility : humic acids not water solublesalts of humic acids like potassium humate and ammonium humate are water soluble variants : potassium humatecalcium humateammonium humate uses : increase soil fertility through its influence on the water holding capacityincrease humus contentseffectively chelates, complexes and sequesters soilincrease the soil cation exchange capacityenhance soil phosphate availabilityincrease root, penetration and internal drainageconserves top soilbreaks up unproductive clay soils and turns into profitable soilsbuffer soil ph extremeincrease soil microorganism’s metabolic activitystabilizes soil structure through the formation of micro-aggregatesincreases the sugar (brix) level of the plants, which strengthens the plant and helps plants to resist both from diseases and insect attackstimulates the respiration rates of seeding which leads to quicker germination and uniformity, even under very adverse condition like droughtincrease root and top growth on a fresh and dry weight basisenhance plant root uptake of p, k, fe, cu, zn, and cainfluence enzyme systemprotects plants from chlorosis, enhance photosynthesis; increase vegetative growth which results in higher yields and healthier crops specifications : appearanceblack powderparticle size160 mesh 90% by masshumic acid50%moisture15%solubility5% alkali solution. Insoluble in water

We are listed at the apex in the list of the preeminent Humic Acid Manufacturers & Exporters from India. The Humic Acid, liquid formulations 12%, is most popular as it is used for soil application, incorporated in drip irrigation or foliar application. Our Humic Acid helps to a great degree modifying such physical and mechanical properties of the soil as structure, color, consistency and water holding capacity. Attributes : Contains billions of micro-organismsComplex organic moleculesIncreases permeability of plant membranes Application : They can be applied directly to the plant foliage in liquid form or to the soil in the form of granules alone or in the fertilizer mix. Solubility : Humic Acids not water solubleSalts of Humic Acids like Potassium Humate and Ammonium Humate are water soluble Variants : Potassium HumateCalcium HumateAmmonium Humate Uses : Increase soil fertility through its influence on the water holding capacityIncrease humus contentsEffectively chelates, complexes and sequesters soilIncrease the soil cation exchange capacityEnhance soil phosphate availabilityIncrease root, penetration and internal drainageConserves top soilBreaks up unproductive clay soils and turns into profitable soilsBuffer soil pH extremeIncrease soil microorganism’s metabolic activityStabilizes soil structure through the formation of micro-aggregatesIncreases the sugar (brix) level of the plants, which strengthens the plant and helps plants to resist both from diseases and insect attackStimulates the respiration rates of seeding which leads to quicker germination and uniformity, even under very adverse condition like droughtIncrease root and top growth on a fresh and dry weight basisEnhance plant root uptake of P, K, Fe, Cu, Zn, and CaInfluence enzyme systemProtects plants from chlorosis, enhance photosynthesis; increase vegetative growth which results in higher yields and healthier crops Specifications : AppearanceBlack PowderParticle Size160 mesh 90% by massHumic Acid50%Moisture15%Solubility5% alkali solution. Insoluble in water

we are the leading manufacturer and exporter of fish oil rosin soap. This fish oil rosin soap provides prevention against various pests that attack grape, pink mealy bug. These pests occur almost throughout the year but mainly during the harvesting time of the crop. the affected plant parts result in abnormal leaves and shoot tips as both the nymphs and the adults of the mealy bug suck the cell sap from the vegetative parts and barriers. These pests suck the excrete honey dew, which in turn, leads to the development of a sooty mould. procedure : pest management remove and destroy loose bark. After the removal of bark, swab the trunk and arms with dichlorvos 30 ml + sticker 15 ml or 20ml of dichlorvous + 20 gm of fish oil rosin soap by mixed in 10 liters of water. it destroys new shoots that has been infected with mealy bugs. Rake the soil and mix with carbonyl 10 per cent dust or malathion 5 per cent dust at 20 gm per vine. benefits : prevention against pest attackno side effectsimprove the overall growth of the plant applications : grape plantother fruit plants

we are looked upon as one of the staggering cytokinin plant hormone manufacturers & exporters from india. The cytokinin plant hormone, offered by us, is widely demanded in the market as it is ideally formulated to promote cell division. Our cytokinin plant hormone is manufactured from recycled trnas in plants and bacteria. variants : adenine-type cytokinins : represented by kinetin, zeatin and 6-benzylaminopurinephenylurea-type cytokinins : like diphenylurea or thidiazuron advantages : stimulates cell divisionstimulates morphogenesis (shoot initiation/bud formation) in tissue culturestimulates the growth of lateral buds-release of apical dominancestimulates leaf expansion resulting from cell enlargementmay enhance stomatal opening in some speciespromotes the conversion of etioplasts into chloroplasts via stimulation of chlorophyll synthesis

we are the prime manufacturer and exporter of superior quality chitosan fertilizer, which is used to protect and stimulate growth of your plants. Chitosan is a polysaccharide extracted from the shell of crab or shrimp. The scientific benefits of chitosan have even been recognized in 1992. Chitosan fertilizer improves seed germination, root development and provide prevention against diseases. Chitosan fertilizer is a natural antimicrobial, antibacterial, and antifungal agent, tested and approved by us. the chitosan fertilizer has no poison content; no residue is left over and is suitable for organic farming. Chitosan oligosaccharin can activate the plant and induce plant to produce antiviral substance. benefits : improves seed germinationimproves root developmentdisease resistant applications : agriculturehorticulture features biocompatiblebiodegradablenontoxicantimicrobialantibacterial fertilizers & other agrochemicalantifungal

brassinosteroids were first isolated from pollen grain of rape seeds (brassica sp.). We are renowned as one of the prime brassinolid manufacturers & exporters from india. To meet the specific requirements of the clients, we offer brassinolid in varied grades meeting the specific requirements of the clients. as results of research conducted in 20 different countries, it was found that brassinolide could improve the production in wheat, paddy, and corn by 15-30%, fruits (15-30%), vegetables by 20%-50% and oil seed crops by 20-30%. what is brassinolide ? a new 6th generation plant growth hormone after axines, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscissic acid, ethyleneit is polyhydroxy steroidit interact with ga in cell wall elongationit works independently to increase cell divisionit shows synergetic effect with many plant growth regulatorsit is effective at very low concentration say ppb (parts per billion) how it helps plant to grow better and yield more ? accelerated cell division and cell elongation increases diameter, weight and size of fruitswhen used in combination with ga gives best resultscell wall expansion takes placeimprovess the fertility of reproductive organs when used at flowering stageincrease photosynthetic activityit keeps fruit green for longer timeseed weight increase, bolder seeds are producedincrease in plants resistant powers towards disease and harsh conditionit helps plant to over come phyto toxicity effect of other chemicalsit increases ability to resist drought. New rooting comes out after sprayit increase enzyme and hormone production in plants to help in more sugar formation and more nucleic acid productionquality of fruit improves due favorable factors. Sucg as more tss,brix,ascorbic acid ectga is soluble in brassinolide formulationspromots early and uniform seed germination

bio pesticides is an organic crop protectant that is highly effective against red spider mite (tetranychud), aphids, leaf miner (agromyza), onion maggot (carposina platuta), white fly (aieyrodidae), psylla pyrisuga. Bio pesticides paralyze the nerve centre of insects and then harden the albumen resulting in breathing problems and finally lead to the killing of the insects. mechanism & mode of action : it acts as a contact and stomach poison which paralysis nerve center of insects, solidifies the albumen & stops up the air vent of insects body & finally makes the insect die of suffocation. It suppresses food absorption, reduces larval ability & hinders its growth to prevent insects from laying eggs. After application insects will stop eating & not damage the crop further. The insect dies after 24-28 hours material source : sophora flavescens aitpterocarya stenopteraplaty cladus orientalis (linn)melia azedarach linnactive ingredients> 3% matrine > 0.36% physical & chemical characters : formula : c,sh24 n2 0, c'5hz4 nz o2structure formula, molecular weight : 248.36, 264.36color and state: dark brown liquid; odour : no bad odourdensity : 1.02 kg / l; ph : 5.5 ~ 6.5 dosage : dilute in 600-1000 times & spray thoroughlyshake well before useapply early morning or evening hours to increase the effectapply at an interval of 15-20 days during pest infestation target pest red spider (tetranychus)rust mite (eriophyes deivore)cabbage worm (pieres raoea)cabbage moth (plutella xylostella)maggot (hylemiya platura)leaf minor (ageomyze)pear sucker (psylla pyrisuga) target crops all vegetablescommercial cropsfruit treesflowering plantstea plantlawnstobacco etc

we are enlisted as one amidst the preeminent auxin plant hormone manufacturers & exporters from india. Customers from all round the globe are placing repeated orders for the auxin plant hormone as no alternative is available when it comes to quality and performance. uses : plant tissue growthinitiation of floweringdelaying the senescence of flowers advantages : stimulates cell elongationstimulates cell division in the cambium and, in combination with cytokinins in tissue culturestimulates differentiation of phloem and xylemstimulates root initiation on stem cuttings and lateral root development in tissue culturemediates the tropistic response of bending in response to gravity and lightthe auxin supply from the apical bud suppresses growth of lateral budsdelays leaf senescencecan inhibit or promote (via ethylene stimulation) leaf and fruit abscissioncan induce fruit setting and growth in some plantsinvolved in assimilate movement toward auxin possibly by an effect on phloem transportdelays fruit ripeningpromotes flowering in bromeliadsstimulates growth of flower partspromotes (via ethylene production) femaleness in dioecious flowersstimulates the production of ethylene at high concentrations